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News/Arts in the Schools

Arts May Improve Students' Grades Read Article »
Arts & Smarts: The Correlation between the Arts and Grades Read Article »


Arts May Improve Students' Grades
by Carl Hartman, c. The Associated Press, 10/22/99

WASHINGTON (AP) - If your teenagers want to be in the high school band or drama club, let them. It may improve their grades. High school students who take music lessons and join theater groups do better in math, reading, history, geography and citizenship, according to a study of Education Department data to be published today.

"If young Americans are to succeed and to contribute to what Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan describes as 'our economy of ideas,' they will need an education that develops imaginative, flexible and tough-minded thinking," Education Secretary Richard Riley said in a message accompanying the study. "The arts powerfully nurture the ability to think in this manner."

The study, which tracked more than 25,000 students for more than 10 years, found that students who reported consistently high levels of involvement with instrumental music scored significantly higher on math tests by the 12th grade. This observation held true for students regardless of their parents' income, occupations and levels of education, said James S. Catterall, the lead author and an education professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. While 38.6 percent of higher-income students who were uninvolved in music scored high in math, 48 percent of those highly involved in music received high marks.

"Kids who are more advantaged tend to be more involved in the arts. Period. They have more opportunities and you'd expect them to do better," Catterall said in an interview.

But the influence of music was far more pronounced among lower-income students. Among the lower-income students without music involvement, only 15.5 percent achieved high math scores.  But of the musically oriented group, more than twice as many excelled in math.

"It's not a matter of economic advantage. It's a matter of something happening with the arts for the kids," Catterall said.

The study also found that as students progress through high school they are less likely to be involved in the arts.

"There's a clear trend," Catterall said. "Kids' participation in the arts declines. It may be that high schools offer fewer programs than middle schools or that kids are more concerned with academics or admissions to college."

Fewer than 3 percent of seniors take out-of-school classes in music, art or dance, compared with more than 11 percent of sophomores. More than half of the "high-involvement" seniors are found in top levels on standardized tests, compared with fewer than 43 percent of the "low-involvement" seniors.

The study also indicated arts study affected students' racial attitudes.

"Students at grade 10 were asked if it was OK to make a racist remark," the authors wrote. "About 40 percent of 'no-drama' students felt that making such a remark would be OK, where only about 12 percent of high theater students thought the same." When the 12th graders involved in plays were compared to their uninvolved counterparts, 20 percent more of those active in drama had excellent reading skills. Catterall noted that the work supports strong suggestions, but is not definitive.

This study was one of seven included in "Champions of Change - The Impact of the Arts on Learning," by Edward B. Fiske, former education editor of The New York Times. The project was sponsored by the GE (General Electric) Fund and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.

Associated Press Writer David Ho contributed to this story.


Arts & Smarts: The Correlation between the Arts and Grades
By Wendy Burt-Thomas

When Lew Davis founded the da Vinci Academy in Colorado Springs, Colo., he made sure that the mission statement for the K-5 facility was clear: "…to successfully educate and enrich all learners through the integration of arts and sciences…"

Davis was on to something. He knew that by infusing visual arts, dance, drama, and vocal and instrumental music throughout the curriculum, the quality of learning would be greatly enhanced. And within its first year, the Academy's students proved him right, scoring more than 30 percent higher than the state average in some grades and subjects.

"Children at the da Vinci Academy, the Academy District Twenty School for Arts and Ideas, learn that there is a time for originality, a time for replication, a time to be a star, and a time to be a productive member of a team," explains Davis. "Through a 'brain-based curriculum' students are able to absorb and assimilate knowledge about all that is going on around them and react and respond to it through expression."

And the survey says…

Studies seem to support such theories. One Stanford University professor shared her findings from a 10-year national study based on 30,000 young people participating in non-school programs from all over the United States. Most of the children were from urban areas and were more likely than average to be on welfare or from a divorced family. The results were astounding. Those who participated in the arts after school were:
·        Four times more likely to participate in a math or science fair
·        Three times more likely to win a school attendance award
·        Four times more likely to win an academic award (such as being named to the honor roll)
·        Eight times more likely to receive a community service award

The same seems to hold true for teens. A study of SAT college admission test scores showed that students who had studies the Arts for more than four years scored an average of 44 points higher in math and 59 points higher on the verbal section.

"There are so many opportunities for the arts to inspire and improve learning in other subject areas," says Anita Miller, the mother of three da Vinci Academy students. "For example, when my daughter's class was studying the American Revolution, they developed a musical about the revolution, chock full of facts that I'm sure those kids will remember forever."

Miller also believes the opportunities to perform in front of an audience is an asset to her children. "My children are very comfortable on stage and in front of groups. That helped my oldest child recently, when she competed in the regional spelling bee. Most children had to deal with their nerves in addition to having to spell the words correctly. My daughter was so comfortable, she was able to focus all of her attention on the words." Miller's daughter won the 5th and 6th grade division of the bee.

"I would guess that each of you have seen the life of at least one child changed by the power of a brush stroke, the discipline of a dance step, the expressive opportunities of music and the searing courage and vitality of the theatre," says Davis. "These experiences for children stimulate thinking and provide outlets for self expression."

How it works

"There's actually a very scientific method for the correlation," explains Dr. Ken Gibson, author of "Unlock the Einstein Inside; Applying New Brain Science to Wake up the Smart in Your Child" (2006). "Many of the skills used to draw, play guitar, read music or memorize lines in a play are the same skills used to succeed in academic subjects. These cognitive skills – like memory, auditory and visual processing, comprehension, and reasoning – are being honed in classes that kids enjoy. What better way to learn?"

In Critical Links, a summary of arts education research, the authors found evidence to support positive relationships between arts and academics, including:
·        Drama develops higher-order language and literacy skills.
·        Music enhances language learning.
·        Music enhances spatial reasoning.
·        Art experiences develop writing skills.
·        Art experiences develop literacy and math/numbers skills.

"If you think about what it takes to learn to play the piano, it makes perfect sense," says Tanya Mitchell, Director of Training for LearningRx, a national 'brain-training' franchise. "Timing, attention, multi-tasking, memorization, physical and mental integration, processing speed – the list goes on and on. It's similar in sports. You need to memorize the coach's plays, time your jump shot, or try to reason your opponent's next move. Playing instruments, participating in sports, acting in theatre – these things don't just work kids' bodies, they work their minds."

For those who still doubt the benefits of the Arts on academics, the proof of burden lies with them to disprove the theories. Until then, most learning experts agree that at the very least, getting your child involved in some form of the Arts can improve their self-esteem, help them make friends and most of all…allow them to have fun!

Article courtesy of Internet Special Education Resources


This program is made possible, in part, by a grant from the Delaware Division of the Arts, a state agency dedicated to nurturing and supporting the arts in Delaware, in partnership with the National Endowment for the Arts.

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